Longterm effects of human rights violations during the. Arguments about the effect on this countrys diplomatic relations with chile if extradition were allowed to proceed, or with spain if refused. We could not let it be just a foursentence piece in a newspaper. The pinochet effect sends a message to dictators and human rights violators around the world, telling them that they better not move from where they stand lest they risk trial in other parts of the world, thanks to progress in the field of international law, he observed. Condemnation of pinochet and his regime was almost universal except for the usa because his coup took place in a. Democracy, dictatorship and economic performance in chile. Scharf, coauthor of slobodan milosevic on trial rohtarriaza has brought together a great amount of information from both published and other sources. Prior to pinochet s london arrest, a chilean trial of the former dictator seemed impossible.
Although garzons complaint included several spanish victims. The pinochet effect naomi rohtarriaza published by university of pennsylvania press rohtarriaza, naomi. The pinochet effect means that many former dictators may face their accusers in court. Biography of augusto pinochet, chiles military dictator. Economic growth between 1980 and 2000 was the highest in latin america by a substantial margin. The pinochet regime in chile southern methodist university.
The dictatorship of augusto pinochet and the consequences for the chilean society daniel hasler essay politics international politics region. Pinochets policies still rankle in chile inter press. The death of augusto ugarte pinochet on 10 december 2006, human rights day, triggered. Download pdf the pinochet effect transnational justice. He led the military coup that overthrew chiles elected socialist. Pdf the pinochet case and human rights progress in chile. The house of lords, in its second decision on march 24, 1999, ruled that the only crimes for which general pinochet could be extradited were torture and conspiracy to torture after december 8. His years in power were marked by inflation, poverty, and the ruthless repression of opposition leaders. The start of the spanish investigation coincided with a rebirth of interest in the dictatorships crimes, including adolfo scilingos 1995 revelations about the death flights, public admissions by officers that the military had used torture, and the public apology and admission by general balza, head of the army, that the security forces used unacceptable tactics during the 1970s.
It is alleged that during that period there took place in chile various crimes against humanity torture, hostage taking and murder for which he was knowingly responsible. On the 40th anniversary of the chilean military coup and to mark the 15th anniversary of pinochets arrest in london, the organsation ecchr was hosting a series of events to explore what impact these historic moments had on the global human rights movement. The pinochet effect transnational justice in the age of human. Middle and south america publish your bachelors or masters thesis, dissertation, term paper or essay. Villain to some, hero to others general augusto pinochet, who ruled chile as a dictator for 17 years, is dead. Relations between the united states and chile deteriorated in the 1960s due to u. The pinochet effect transnational justice in the age of human rights.
Pinochet precedent in chile and argentina, highlighting ways that international cases can help. Using new data, we characterize pinochets privatizations and find. She traces the roots of the landmark pinochet case and follows its development and those of related cases, through spain, the united kingdom, elsewhere in europe. Oct 09, 2008 the pinochet effect sends a message to dictators and human rights violators around the world, telling them that they better not move from where they stand lest they risk trial in other parts of the world, thanks to progress in the field of international law, he observed. It was a member of chiles board of film censors who first brought home to me how long a shadow general pinochet had cast over his country.
Chiles constitution of 1980 with amendments through 2012. Seeming to take almost everyone by surprise, the arrest was a new jfk moment for a certain constituency, including the western human rights community. Download pdf the pinochet effect transnational justice in the age of human rights pennsylvania studies in human rights book full free. The pinochet precedent how victims can pursue human. Prior to pinochets london arrest, a chilean trial of the former dictator seemed impossible. At that time in chile, around 300 criminal charges were still pending against him for human rights violations, tax evasion, and embezzlement. The privatization origins of political corporations. Using new data, we characterize pinochet s privatizations and find. Dec 11, 2006 bbc news business reporter robert plummer was the bbcs correspondent in chile 10 years ago. The ripple effect of the pinochet case digital commons. However, he turned out to be clever enough to hire an ambitious friedmanite liberal economic team, which turned chile into an. The pinochet effect naomi rohtarriaza university of pennsylvania. Senator pinochet was the head of state of chile from 11 september 1973 until 11 march 1990.
Augusto pinochet november 25, 1915december 10, 2006 was an army officer and dictator of chile from 1973 to 1990. The pinochet effect the impact of transnational litigation. Pdf the pinochet effect transnational justice in the age. We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. How general pinochets detention changed the meaning of. Download the pinochet effect pdf books pdfbooks the 1998 arrest of general augusto pinochet in london and subsequent extradition proceedings sent.
We had to seize the opportunity and help bring him before a court. The dramatic uk detention of former chilean dictator augusto pinochet in a london clinic on 16 october 1998 made headlines around the world. Transnational justice in the age of human rights yale journal of international law, vol. The transcripts, dated from the days following the coup that brought general augusto pinochet to power through the first several years of his regimes repression in chile, record kissingers attitude toward human rights atrocities and mounting congressional pressure to curtail u. Pinochet s government became the stereotypical military dictatorship full of human rights violations.
Approximately 3,000 members of allendes party were harassed and killed. Produced by johns hopkins university press in collaboration with the sheridan libraries. The 1998 arrest of general augusto pinochet in london and subsequent extradition proceedings sent an electrifying wave through the international community. Transnational justice in the age of human rights pennsylvania studies in human rights pdf online. Although nonfiction, the pinochet effect reads like a novel, eloquently recounting the saga and consequences of one of the most important cases of our time.
Antonys college oxford university 2006 few coups in latin have received so much international attention as that of chile in 1973. He had been in power fourteen years, but like many dictators he liked power and wanted to remain indefinitely. The year was 1996 and i was interviewing him about the boards unexpected decision to reverse its ban on martin scorseses controversial film, the last temptation of christ. He is accused of having accumulated wealth worth 28 million us dollars or more. The dictatorship of augusto pinochet and the consequences for. The analysis of subnational variation in patterns of punishment in postwar west germany confirms this hypothesis and shows that these attitudinal effects persist in the medium term. Nov 24, 2010 download the pinochet effect pdf books. Download book the pinochet effect transnational justice in the age of human rights pennsylvania studies in human rights in pdf format. This changed only much later on when, on 16 october 1998, pinochet was arrested in london. Garzon had charged pinochet with genocide, terrorism, and torture committed during the chilean dictatorship. Prior to 1998, there had been 36 the ripple effect of the pinochet case by stacie jonas stacie jonas is the director of the pinochet case project of the institute for policy studies. Transnational justice in the age of human rights, by naomi rohtarriaza university of pennsylvania press 2005, 280 pp.
Pinochet directed the coup of september 11, 1973, and presided until 1990 over a military regime that violated human rights, shut down political parties, canceled elections, constrained the press and trade unions, and engaged in other undemocratic actions during its more than 16 years of rule. The extradition of general augusto pinochet human rights. Pinochet, a graduate of the military academy in santiago 1936, was a career. The pinochet precedent how victims can pursue human rights. In october 1998 senator pinochet was in this country receiving medical treatment. Pinochet was protected by decree law 2191, an amnesty declared by the military junta in 1978 to pardon human rights crimes committed between the september 11, 1973 coup and. Pinochet, the former president of chile, was allegedly responsible for human rights violations including murder, torture and disappearance committed during his administration in chile between. Scharf, coauthor of slobodan milosevic on trial an electrifying account of pinochets extradition proceedings, as it played throughout the international community. But above and beyond the human rights violations, the reforms ushered in by the regime of general augusto pinochet continue to mark todays chile a country of dynamic economic growth but a fragmented society. The garzon effect, for its part, applies to judges and the military. Human rights watch described the pinochet arrest as a wakeup call to tyrants everywhere, but an equally important effect of the case has been to give hope to other victims that they can bring.
This legal precedent for bringing a former head of state to trial outside his home country signaled that neither the immunity of a former. The allegations concerned the murder of spanish citizens in chile, which offences were within the jurisdiction of spain. Aug 14, 2000 the pinochet effect means that many former dictators may face their accusers in court by james reynolds in santiago for many years, exmilitary rulers in south america were protected from trial by a series of amnesty laws, presidential pardons, and tacit agreements. On october 16, 1998, british authorities detained augusto pinochet in london on an arrest warrant issued by spanish magistrate baltasar garzon. Transnational justice in the age of human rights, by naomi rohtarriaza university of. Pinochet remained as commander of chiles armed forces, not to retire until march 1998. He stepped down in 1990 after a presidential election was held. The extradition of general augusto pinochet human rights watch. For many years, exmilitary rulers in south america were protected from trial by a series of amnesty laws, presidential pardons, and tacit agreements. Uk magistrates ruled in 1999 that pinochet should be extradited to spain, but it never happened. After the coup of september 11, 1973 the chilean military under pinochet engaged in regular murder, repression and torture of its opponents. The objective of this research project is to investigate the long run consequences stateled repression on various economic and political outcomes. At home, the head of the army worked on his welcoming speech, while incoming president ricardo lagos told journalists.
Pinochet was protected by decree law 2191, an amnesty declared by the military junta in 1978 to pardon human rights crimes committed between the september 11, 1973 coup and march 10, 1978, when the state of siege was lifted. For example, one of the largest mining companies in the world was sold underpriced to pinochets soninlaw. Now, chile has perhaps the healthiest economy in latin america. Pinochet s privatizations were also controversial because of prices and the identity of buyers monckeberg 2001. Human rights violations in pinochets chile wikipedia. Late accountability in chile and the role of the pinochet case by cath collins the notable post1998 revival of prosecutions for past human rights crimes in chile is often attributed to the socalled pinochet effect, the impact of the uk arrest of. For example, one of the largest mining companies in the world was sold underpriced to pinochet s soninlaw. What pinochets arrest has taught us about transnational justice and international jurisdiction. The dictatorship of augusto pinochet and the consequences. Pinochets detention was a milestone in the struggle for human rights. In this analysis, he looks at augusto pinochets legacy and its impact on the chilean economy. He was named head of the militarys governing council and later assumed the title of president in 1974.
Augusto pinochet led a military coup that overthrew chile s government on september 11, 1973. Three books written before pinochets death provide answers to these focal questions. Pinochets detention also helped pave the way for the prosecution of other chilean military officials. What follows is a report expertly prepared by longtime chilean resident and human rights professional sebastian brett, participant in and rapporteur to the 2008.
887 1277 695 1071 924 1107 691 46 74 1194 1202 1384 505 232 1032 846 917 302 1402 636 885 178 960 768 878 1450 290 928 872 1320